§ 6.02.10. Access.

A.

Number of access points.

1.

Paved access required. All developments shall be required to provide paved access to a public right-of-way. Paved access to a public right-of-way may include private streets or other appropriate cross-access easements. The requirement for paved access beyond the right-of-way may be waived for agricultural development or for a single-family residence which is located on a parcel at least one acre in size and the nearest dwelling or accessory building wall is more than 150 linear feet from the property's access point.

2.

Number of access points. The development review committee, depending on the appropriate application, shall approve the number of access points allowed for each development based on the following criteria:

a.

Type of road facility being accessed.

b.

Separation criteria.

c.

Engineering design standards.

d.

Internal traffic circulation.

e.

Impact on transportation system.

f.

Emergency vehicles access.

3.

Access to adjoining property. Access to adjoining property shall be coordinated as required in subsections 6.02.07.A.3 and A.4 of this code.

B.

Separation of access points.

1.

Minimum criteria. The design and location of urban intersections should be consistent with the terms included within these regulations, and the most current "Manual of Uniform Minimum Standards for Design, Construction and Maintenance for Streets and Highways" as prepared by the Florida Department of Transportation.

2.

Intersection separation. Intersections on streets or roads designated as arterials should not be less than 1,760 feet apart and intersections on streets or roads designated as collectors should not be less than 500 feet apart, centerline measurement. On local streets, intersections with centerline offsets of less than 150 feet shall be prohibited.

3.

Curb cuts. No person shall make any curb cut for a driveway, walkway or any other purpose without first obtaining a permit from the city engineer. Additional permits will be required from Orange County or the Florida Department of Transportation for roads under their jurisdiction.

C.

Design considerations.

1.

The choice of the proper location of driveways must involve consideration of the amount of the conflict which can be expected to occur both within the parking area and on abutting streets. One primary concept which shall be followed is to reduce the number of driveways to a practical minimum and to promote consolidated driveway usage wherever possible, thus providing fewer locations where conflicts may occur.

2.

The area to which the driveway provides access shall be of sufficient size and design to allow all necessary functions for loading, unloading, parking and standing to be carried out on private property and completely off the street right-of-way.

a.

No design shall be permitted which requires any vehicle to back out onto a public street, except for single-family residences.

b.

Facilities with drive-in windows must be so designed that waiting vehicles do not extend into the street or right-of-way.

3.

Spacing between driveways. The minimum spacing between adjacent driveways accessing arterial or collector streets shall be regulated as follows:

a.

Arterials:

(1)

Speed limit greater than or equal to 45 mph: Nearest edge to nearest edge equals 660 feet.

(2)

Speed limit less than 45 mph: Nearest edge to nearest edge equals 440 feet.

b.

Collectors:

(1)

Speed limit greater than or equal to 45 mph: Nearest edge to nearest edge equals 440 feet.

(2)

Speed limit less than 45 mph: Nearest edge to nearest edge equals 245 feet.

(a)

Distances between adjacent one-way driveways with the inbound driveway upstream from the outbound driveway can be one-half the distance shown above.

(b)

Driveways on opposite sides of any undivided street classified collector or arterial shall be offset a minimum of 200 feet measured from centerline to centerline whenever possible.

(c)

For developments that request more than one two-way driveway, based upon parcel size, projected trip generation of the site, amount of roadway frontage, and other appropriate design considerations, additional driveways may be permitted if all other provisions of this article are met.

4.

No driveway shall be permitted in the radius return of an intersection.

5.

All driveway widths shall be measured at the property (R/W) line.

6.

All driveways shall be constructed as nearly to a right angle to the street or roadway as possible.

7.

All driveways shall cross the sidewalk area at the sidewalk grade.

8.

Concrete for the construction of driveway approaches (the portion of the driveway in the right-of-way and including the sidewalk crossover) shall be at least 2,500 psi concrete and at least six inches in thickness (with six-inch by six-inch #10/#10 woven wire fabric reinforcing and) with break and exposed joint at property line.

9.

No residential driveway shall be permitted within 40 feet of an intersection. This measurement shall be made from the centerline of the proposed driveway to the nearest right-of-way line of the intersecting street as measured along the adjacent right-of-way line.

10.

No edge of a residential driveway shall be closer than five feet to the adjoining property unless approved by the city engineer.

11.

The minimum width of a single-family residential driveway shall be ten feet, and the maximum width shall be 18 feet.

12.

For all residential driveways, the width of the curb opening shall not exceed the width of the driveway by more than three feet on each side, except if a radius is used.

13.

Residential driveways shall have a minimum one foot six inch flare tapered back to the front of the sidewalk.

14.

Residential driveway approaches shall be designed so that the slope does not exceed the maximum as shown in the Construction Design Standards Manual in this code, unless otherwise approved by the city engineer.

15.

No driveway shall be permitted which includes any municipal facility such as traffic signal standards, catchbasins, fire hydrants, or any other similar type structure, unless such facility is relocated at the property owner's expense.

16.

The minimum and maximum widths of commercial drives shall be as specified below:

	Minimum (feet)	Maximum (feet)
One-way	18	20*
Two-way	24	40*

 

*Or as required for multilane driveways.

17.

Commercial driveways shall have a minimum 15-foot radius measured from the front of the sidewalk to curb and gutter flow line.

18.

All nonresidential driveways shall be constructed in conformance to the plans and specifications approved by the city engineer.

D.

Frontage roads and joint-use driveways.

1.

Arterial roads. Properties fronting on arterial streets unable to meet driveway separation criteria within this code shall have indirect access to the arterial by means of either joint-use driveways, or frontage roads, or in the case of corner parcels, by access to the collector or other facility that intersects the arterial. The following conditions shall apply:

a.

When a parcel property is located where there is no existing frontage road, and the planned use of the subject parcel is incompatible for buffer yard requirements with existing uses of abutting properties (e.g., single-family residential) making a joint-use driveway undesirable, a temporary driveway with direct access from the subject parcel to the arterial, or in the case of a corner parcel, to the collector or other facility that intersects the arterial, will be allowed provided that:

(1)

Access rights to the subject parcel are dedicated to the city; and

(2)

The necessary cross-access easement for a planned service road shall be conveyed to the city; and

(3)

When the use of an abutting property changes to a compatible use, a joint-use driveway shall be provided by the owner(s) of the subject property jointly with the owner(s) of the abutting property which use has changed, at a location approved by the DRC, and the temporary driveway discontinued (if not used as the joint-use driveway); or

(4)

When the use of two or more abutting properties changes to a compatible use, a service road fronting the subject properties shall be provided by the owners of the subject properties and the cross-access easement conveyed to the city and access to the individual properties shall be from the service road only, and the service road shall access the arterial or a facility intersecting the arterial at a location approved by the DRC.

b.

When a parcel of property is located where there is no existing service road, and the planned use of the subject property is compatible with existing uses of one or more abutting properties, a service road shall be provided by the owner(s) of the subject property and the cross-access easement conveyed to the city, and access to the individual property shall be from the service road only, and the service road shall access the arterial or a facility intersecting the arterial at a location approved by the DRC.

c.

When a parcel of property is located where there is an existing service road to the abutting properties, an extension of the service road, fronting the subject, shall be provided by the owner(s) of the subject property, and the necessary cross-access easement for the service road shall be conveyed to the city, and access to the subject property shall be from the service road only, and the service road shall access the arterial or a facility intersecting the arterial at a location approved by the DRC.

2.

Collector roads. Properties fronting on collector streets unable to meet driveway separation criteria within this code should have indirect access to the collector street by means of either joint-use driveways, or service roads, or in the case of corner parcels, by access to the facility (if not an arterial) that intersects the collector. The following conditions shall apply:

a.

When a parcel of property is located where there is no existing or planned service road and the planned use of the subject property is incompatible with existing uses of abutting properties (e.g., single-family residential), making a joint-use driveway undesirable, a temporary driveway with direct access to the collector street, or in the case of a corner parcel, to the facility (if not an arterial) that intersects the collector street, will be allowed provided that:

(1)

Access rights to the parcel are dedicated to the city; and

(2)

The necessary cross-access easement shall be conveyed to the city, in order to provide for subsection (4) below; and

(3)

When the use of an abutting property changes to a compatible use, a joint-use driveway shall be provided by the owner(s) of the subject property jointly with the owner(s) of the abutting property which use has changed, at a location approved by the DRC, and the temporary driveway discontinued (if not used as the joint-use driveway); and

(4)

Joint-use driveways, with required cross-access easements, serve as many adjoining properties as necessary to maintain the minimum spacing of driveways as listed in this section.

b.

When a parcel of property is located where there is no existing service road, but a service road is planned, and the planned use of the subject property is incompatible with existing uses of adjoining properties, (e.g., single-family residential), making a joint-use driveway undesirable, a temporary driveway with direct access to the collector street, or in the case of a corner parcel, to the facility (if not an arterial) that intersect the collector street, will be allowed provided that:

(1)

Access rights shall be dedicated to the city; and

(2)

The necessary cross-access easement of the planned service road shall be conveyed to the city; and

(3)

When the use of an adjoining property changes to a compatible use, a joint-use driveway shall be provided by the owner(s) of the subject property jointly with the owner(s) of the adjoining property which use has changed, at a location approved by the DRC, and the temporary driveway discontinued (if not used as the joint-use driveway); or

(4)

When the use of two or more adjoining properties changes to compatible uses, a service road, fronting the subject properties, shall be provided by the owners of the subject properties and the necessary cross-access easement for the service road conveyed to the city, and access to the subject properties shall be from the service road only, and the service road shall access the collector, or facility (if not an arterial) intersecting the collector, at a location approved by the DRC.

c.

When a parcel of property is located where there is an existing service road to the adjoining properties, an extension of the service road, fronting the subject property, shall be provided by the owner(s) of the subject property and the necessary cross-access easement for the service road conveyed to the city, and access to the subject properties shall be from the service road only, and the service road shall access the collector, or facility (if not an arterial) intersecting the collector at a location approved by the DRC.

E.

Access to residential lots.

1.

Access to nonresidential uses shall not be through an area designed, approved, or developed for residential use.

2.

All lots in a proposed residential subdivision shall have frontage on and access to a residential street.

(LDC 1992, § 6.02.10)